Although organizations extensively use downward communication, effectiveness and success of this communication is hindered by some factors. These factors are discussed below: Incompleteness: Sometimes it is observed that executives send message to their subordinates without any explanation and clarification. As a result, the subordinates cannot understand the accurate meaning of the message and often confuse […]
Types of Communication
Functions of Mass Communication
Mass communication serves public messages quickly to a large number of people who are far away from the source of information. The scope of mass communication is very extensive and it deals with a variety of objectives. Its significant objectives are discussed below: To inform people: The most fundamental objectives of mass communication is to […]
Agencies of Mass Communication
Mass communication agencies are those organizations or bodies that collect and gather information from various sources and disseminate that information to a large number of audiences by using appropriate media. The important agencies of mass communication are discussed below: Press association: Press association collects various news, pictures, photographs etc. from different sources and disseminate them […]
Techniques for Improving Listening Ability
Improving listening is largely a matter of mental willful act. Listening is the act of receiving, decoding and attaching the meaning of the spoken words of others. Since listening is a mental willful act its improvement depends on mental determination. If the listener has firm determination to listen the speech attentively it is possible to […]
Kinds of circular letter | Features of circular letter
Circular letters are prepared for circulating business and non-business messages. Thus, it seems that circular letters can be of the following two types: Trade circular letter: When a circular letter is prepared and distributed for circulating any business related message, it is known as trade circular letter. Its main objective is to circulate business information […]